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During World War I, the 36th nfantry division included Choctaw Nation soldiers training at Fort Bowie. These men fought bravely. When they deployed, their regiments faced difficult losses in October 1918 on the Western Front in France as Central Powers forces intercepted and deciphered Allied artillery orders. Allied officers realized their soldiers had a secret code likely unknown to the Germans–the Choctaw language. Choctaw soldiers transmitted messages in the Choctaw language between headquarters and the front lines. The Germans were never able to decipher Choctaw messages. Within 24 hours of utilizing the Choctaw language, Allied forces managed to turn the tide of the war by keeping communications confidential.
Because the Choctaw language did not have many of the technical military expressions necessary, a code was developed. Examples included tanampo chito (“big gun”) for artillery, tanamposhi hussatpalhki (“little gun shoot fast”) for machine gun, tanchi nihi achvffa (“one grain of corn”) for first battalion and tvshka (“warrior”) for soldier. In November 1918, the 36th division developed the currently used insignia with a blue arrowhead representing the soldiers from Oklahoma, and a “T” representing the soldiers from Texas. The success of the Choctaw and other native codes during WWI inspired the U.S. to utilize Native American code once again during WWII. The Choctaw code talkers were recognized by the Choctaw Medal of Valor by the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma (1986), the Knight of the National Order of Merit by the French government (1989), the Lone Star Medal of Valor by the State of Texas (2007), and the Code Talker Recognition Act by the U.S. Government (2008). In 2010, the Code Talker Star was placed on the Texas Trail of Fame.
(2011)
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